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The rapid development of paper industry in Zhejiang Province benefits from the adjustment of raw material structure. Zhejiang Province is a small province of resources. Prior to the 1980s, papermaking mainly relied on grass fiber, which was constrained by the quantity of grass fibers and the difficulties in the treatment of wastes. The annual output was below 200,000 tons. From the 1980s, the provincial papermaking company and the Provincial Papermaking Association organized relevant departments and enterprises to develop and research waste paper removal, adhesive removal, deinking and purification processes, equipment and corresponding chemicals, and a small amount of imported waste paper from the United States was used for production. Practice has achieved initial success after the gradual promotion of papermaking using waste paper.
The proportion of papermaking wastepaper used in the province was 17.1% in 1980 and 76.8% in 1998. The proportion of self-made grass pulp fell from 59.4% in 1980 to 3.6% in 1998. In 2001, the province used more than 3 million tons of waste paper, including 1.38 million tons of imported waste paper, 2 million tons of domestic waste paper (about 800,000 tons of waste paper in the recycling province, and the waste paper recovery rate was about 40%).
The major products produced by using waste paper as the main raw material include printing press paper, packaging paper and cardboard, coated paperboard, household paper, and some industrial technical supporting papers.
At present, many paper-making enterprises use high-consistency pulping, high-strength desanding, fiber separation, pressure screens, and desanding equipment. Some companies also use fiber sizing screens and thermal dispersion equipment to configure the corresponding DCS and QCS. Extensive use of deinking, bleaching, retention aids, enhancements and other chemicals. Zhejiang's use of waste paper for papermaking has reached a higher level in the country, and the utilization rate of waste paper is the first in the country.
By the end of the “10th Five-Year Planâ€, paper production in Zhejiang Province will reach 5 million tons. If the current utilization rate, the amount of waste paper will exceed 4 million tons.
Zhejiang Province has listed the papermaking industry as one of the traditional industries that has been transformed in the “10th Five-Year Planâ€, and puts forward new requirements for the paper industry to continue to optimize the structure of raw materials and improve the utilization level of waste paper, and require that the proportion of existing waste paper pulp be maintained. At the same time, there must be a new improvement in the quality, variety, and technical processing of waste paper. This is the need for further development of Zhejiang Paper. To achieve the above goals, I think we should continue to do a good job in the following areas.
1. To increase the degree of concentration of waste paper The use of waste paper has a problem of adjusting to local conditions and adjusting to the conditions of the factory. With the reform, opening up, and structural adjustment, the production of the papermaking industry is gradually gathering in the areas where coastal ports and commodity economies are relatively more developed. At present, papermaking output of Hangzhou, Zhejiang (mainly Fuyang), Ningbo, and Jiaxing accounts for 51%, 12.7%, and 10.6% of the province, respectively, and has become a key area for papermaking in Zhejiang. Practice has shown that the relative concentration of productivity can produce agglomeration effects so as to increase production efficiency and promote technological progress. These three major blocks are not only the main areas for Zhejiang's waste paper making, but also the regions with the most developed commodity economy, convenient port transportation, and superior waste paper collection and distribution conditions. In the development of papermaking, domestic and foreign-funded enterprises should be encouraged to use local favorable conditions to establish large-scale waste paper sorting bases or large-scale waste pulp mills. At the same time, they must support good and strong, and gradually form a corporate structure featuring large-scale enterprise groups and small and medium-sized enterprises. We will continue to promote structural adjustment, achieve regionalization of productivity distribution, and scale production and specialization of enterprises so that they will have market competitiveness.
2. Promoting technological innovation and strengthening product development To promote the further development of waste paper and improve the utilization of waste paper, we must rely on technological progress and technological innovation. Only by continuously adopting advanced production technology and equipment, companies can develop high-quality, low-consumption, high-efficiency production technologies, and have their own technological innovation and product development capabilities, so that they can continuously expand the scope of waste paper utilization and develop more markets. The products can achieve better results.
Judging from the situation of the utilization of waste paper in Zhejiang Province, it mainly focuses on several major types of waste paper, such as books, newspapers, used cartons, and blank paper. The main varieties of production are boxboard, coated cardboard, corrugated paper, and newsprint. The basic process line is Hydraulic pulping, high concentration removal, fiber separation, screening and impurity removal. Companies need to be able to further increase the yield of waste pulp, increase the effectiveness of deinking, cleaning, and removal of stickies in the production process, reduce production costs, and expand the use of new technologies and processes. Only the breakthrough of the production process equipment and the innovation of the scientific research system will effectively promote the further improvement of the level of waste paper utilization.
3. Pay attention to the collection and circulation of waste paper, increase the recovery rate of waste paper, and strive to reduce the waste paper collection cost The quality of waste paper collection is related to the quality and utilization of waste paper, whether waste paper flow is reasonable, and it is related to the use of waste paper. cost.
With the increase of the utilization rate of waste paper in the world and in China, the volume of waste paper traded is also increasing year by year. However, there is no uniform waste paper classification standard in the country and it is not commensurate with the development of waste paper market. Considering that the waste paper market is an open market and a province is difficult to carry out, it is eager to urge the relevant state departments to formulate corresponding classification standards as quickly as possible. Now this burden falls on the China Pulp and Paper Research Institute and hopes to complete this soon. jobs. At the same time, we must establish a corresponding market management service supervision mechanism to ensure a good market operation.
From the perspective of the cost structure of waste paper, a large part of it is transfer expenses. There are many links and costs involved in ordering, transporting, arriving in port, loading and unloading, and inspection. The rationality and economic efficiency of circulation largely determine the cost of waste paper use, affecting the economic benefits of the company. For some localities and enterprises with large amount of waste paper and relatively concentrated regional use, they should plan and design the flow of waste paper in accordance with the requirements for establishing modern logistics, build a number of waste paper, collect and disperse the waste paper and regulate the waste paper market, and cultivate waste paper for recycling. Large corporate group.
In 1998, the average world waste paper recycling rate was 38.2%, and the recovery amount was 112 million tons. The United States is 41.2%, Germany, France is 58.8%, Japan is 49.3%, and China's average is 30% more. Therefore, the development of China's paper industry urgently needs to increase the domestic waste paper recovery rate.
4. To achieve clean production, do a good job of three wastes to control the use of waste paper, can reduce the production process of pollution, but generally 1t waste paper produced by CODcr still up to 50-90kg. With the increase of pollution control efforts of the country, the waste water treatment of waste paper and paper is equally important. The environmental protection department of our province had investigated the pollution of waste paper in our province. At that time, the amount of CODcr produced by waste paper accounted for 89.7% of all paper pollution.
Waste paper papermaking wastewater must meet the discharge standards and must start from the source, so that the control in the production process is combined with the management of the end. Ningbo Zhonghua Paper adopts advanced production equipment, pays attention to on-site management, and is equipped with a wastewater treatment device for the first-level materialization plus two-stage A/O biochemical treatment. It realizes about 23 cubic meters of water for 1t paper and CODcr discharge is less than 100mg/L. The factory set a model.
In addition to water pollution, waste paper is treated with waste residue and sludge. Some companies in this area have good methods, but they still need to work hard to realize the industrialization of sludge utilization as soon as possible, and hope that relevant departments can give preferential policies for the comprehensive utilization of resources.
For wastewater treatment, there is also a problem of scale effect. In areas where waste paper production enterprises are relatively concentrated, in the process of further treatment, the optimal treatment scale should be explored, and the cost of wastewater treatment should be minimized as much as possible.
How to use waste paper further
In 2001, paper production in Zhejiang Province was 3.712 million tons, which was a year-on-year increase of 30%. From 1980 to 2000, papermaking output in Zhejiang Province increased by an average of 13.6% annually, and production rose from the 15th to the top 3 in the country.