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Keywords: teaching mode; EWB; hardware; software
One. Simulation teaching mode
The so-called teaching mode refers to the stable structural form of the course of teaching activities under the guidance of certain educational thoughts, teaching theories and learning theories. That is, according to what kind of educational thoughts and theories to organize your teaching activities, it is a concentrated expression of educational thoughts, teaching theories, and learning theories. The change of teaching mode will inevitably touch on fundamental issues such as educational thoughts, teaching concepts, and teaching and learning theories.
The traditional teaching system is composed of three elements: teachers, students, and teaching materials. In the modern teaching environment, an additional element is needed. This is the teaching medium. Since it is a teaching system, from the point of view of system theory, several elements are not simply pieced together in isolation, but an organic whole formed by mutual connection and interaction. The so-called teaching mode is the stable structural form of the process of teaching activities formed by the interrelation and interaction of these four elements, and it is the concrete embodiment of the interrelation and interaction of the four elements.
The teaching based on the traditional circuit class is nothing more than to use the classroom teaching method and the experimental teaching method. Only by combining the two organically in the teaching can the ideal teaching effect be obtained. However, for some schools with internships and poor experimental conditions, especially some secondary vocational schools, due to the lack of more sophisticated experimental instruments, a considerable number of experimental internships can only be carried out on "blackboards" or "books". Interactive links directly affect the teaching effect. The focus of this teaching model is to impart theoretical knowledge in the textbooks, and to verify the theoretical knowledge through the experimental content in the textbooks. Students are completely constrained by teachers and teaching materials in the learning process, lacking the innovative spirit and the practical teaching goals.
The following introduces the simulation teaching modes of some circuit courses:
1. Verified teaching simulation mode
In recent years, with the popularization and development of multimedia computer teaching, the necessary hardware preparation has been created for the teaching simulation of circuit courses and its popularization and application. In the late 1990s, some circuit simulation software began to enter the campus. Due to the abundant components in the simulation software component library, the test instruments carried by themselves are very complete. For some internship projects with very high experimental conditions, it is possible to use teaching simulation software for simulation. And the simulation results can be printed or copied and saved, especially some simulation instruments such as oscilloscopes, baud charts, etc. can truly show the waveform of any test point in the circuit, so as to further enhance the theoretical knowledge imparted in classroom teaching verification.
This teaching model essentially uses three teaching links: classroom teaching, physical construction practice, and multimedia computer-aided teaching simulation. The latter link is the verification and supplement of the previous teaching link. Its teaching purpose is to verify the theoretical knowledge in the book through internship or simulation, which does not have the nature of innovative education.
2. Basic maintenance teaching simulation mode
This teaching model is a further introduction and development on the basis of the verified teaching model. When the theoretical knowledge is deepened to a certain degree, and the basic knowledge and basic skills are more systematically mastered, in order to train students to repair skills of specific circuits, the teacher sets artificial faults for a certain functional circuit and requires students Within the specified time, through the use of various instruments and meters, finally find a fault point and eliminate a practice teaching method.
The simulation teaching mode has the following advantages:
A. Concealment of fault setting:
Common circuit board fault setting is a teaching practice method commonly used in circuit courses in the past. However, when the fault is set on the circuit board, it will inevitably leave traces on the circuit board, which is equivalent to pointing out the direction for the students to troubleshoot, which is not conducive to the mastery and improvement of student skills. Simulation software like EWB can set three hidden faults, such as short circuit, open circuit, and leakage, to any component in the circuit, and will not leave any traces. After the students are repaired, turn on the simulation function and output the results through the circuit And the waveform diagram can determine whether the student overhaul is successful.
B. Safety of troubleshooting:
The voltages used in circuit internships are not all low-voltage DC, and some functional circuits in some circuits often carry high voltages of thousands of volts. Physical circuit board failures need to be checked very carefully. Teachers should supervise them to prevent electric shock accidents. For simulation software like EWB, after setting the fault, students only analyze and troubleshoot the circuit on the computer, so there is absolutely no possibility of electric shock. On the other hand, during the simulation, there will be no damage to components due to improper operation.
C. Easy assessment and scoring:
The practical test of professional skills in vocational schools is an important part of teaching. The pure circuit board test is famous for its time-consuming preparation work, large demand for consumables, and complicated scoring work. Due to the limited number of valuable instruments and meters, only a small number of students participate in each session, and they should be scored immediately after the exam to avoid affecting the next student assessment. In the multimedia classroom, teachers can transfer the assessment questions for each student from the question bank through the network. After the exam, the students will store their assessment results in the form of files and send them to the grading teacher to wait for the grading, which greatly reduces The arduousness of past assessments.
3. Comprehensive design teaching simulation mode
Comprehensive design teaching simulation is an internship link adopted by vocational school graduates in graduation design. It requires students to have a more comprehensive grasp of the circuit knowledge they have learned, and can design and produce electronic devices that can complete certain specific functional requirements based on basic functional circuits. And use this to test students' comprehensive application ability of the professional knowledge they have learned.
Comprehensive design teaching simulation is only a link in the students' graduation design. On the basis of solving the large circuit framework of the students, it designs, debugs, multi-level connection, error analysis, frequency analysis, temperature analysis and other series of design and analysis processes for specific circuit parts through the computer. The circuit is shaped, the electrical schematic diagram is drawn, and the PCB design is done through the simulation software. The printed circuit board diagram is finally obtained, printed and drawn, the circuit board is fabricated, and the finished device is assembled to complete the internship work. two. Implementation of teaching simulation
To realize the simulation teaching of the circuit, it must have the corresponding software and hardware conditions. details as follows:
1. Hardware conditions: one multimedia classroom with a multimedia computer that can meet the requirements of a standard class, and the student computer and the teacher computer are interconnected by the network, students can inquire the teacher through the network, the teacher can also monitor the student computer Conduct counseling. Basic computer configuration requirements: PII processor, 32M memory (64M recommended), at least 100M hard disk space, minimum screen resolution of 800x600, Windows 98/2000 / NT operating system.
2. Software conditions: Install EWB5.0 (Electronics Workbench5.0) software.
Electronic Workbench (EWB) (now called MultiSim) software is a virtual electronic workbench software for electronic circuit simulation launched by Canadian Interactive Image Technologies in the late 1980s and early 1990s. It has these characteristics:
a. Create a circuit using an intuitive graphical interface: imitate the workbench of a real laboratory on a computer screen, and the components required for drawing circuit diagrams and the test instruments required for circuit simulation can be directly selected from the screen;
b. The appearance and operation mode of the control panel of the software instrument are similar to those of the real object, and the measurement result can be displayed in real time.
c. The EWB software comes with a rich library of circuit components and provides a variety of circuit analysis methods.
d. As a design tool, it can exchange data with other popular circuit analysis, design and board software.
e. EWB is also an excellent electronic technology training tool. The virtual instruments provided by it can be used to conduct circuit experiments in a more flexible way than in the laboratory, simulate the actual operation of the circuit, and be familiar with common electronic instrument measurement methods.
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Simulation Teaching Mode and Realization of Electrical Courses in Vocational Schools
Abstract: Through the research on the circuit simulation teaching mode, this paper points out the applicable scope and characteristics of various teaching modes; introduces the necessary software, hardware and other conditions to achieve circuit simulation teaching, briefly explains the principle of simulation, and points out The importance of simulation teaching.